A degloving injury is one of the most traumatic soft tissue injuries a person can experience. It occurs when layers of skin and underlying tissue are forcefully torn away from the body, often exposing muscle, bone or connective tissue. These injuries typically result from high-impact accidents and require urgent medical attention.
There are two main types of degloving injuries, open and closed. Open injuries are immediately visible and involve torn skin that may hang loose or be entirely removed. Closed degloving injuries are less obvious at first but still involve serious internal damage, usually under bruised or swollen skin. Both types can lead to significant medical complications.
Long-term complications of a degloving injury
Even with prompt treatment, these catastrophic injuries can lead to long-term health problems. Here are some of the most common complications:
- Infection: Open wounds leave the body vulnerable to bacteria, which can lead to localized or systemic infections if not treated promptly. These infections may require antibiotics, surgical cleaning or further procedures.
- Compartment syndrome: This condition occurs when pressure builds up within the muscles, cutting off blood flow and causing severe pain and damage. It may require emergency surgery to relieve the pressure and restore circulation.
- Osteomyelitis: When bacteria spread to the bone, a deep and persistent infection can develop. Osteomyelitis is difficult to treat and may lead to long-term disability or surgical intervention.
- Lymphedema: Damage to the lymphatic system can cause fluid to accumulate in the affected limb, leading to persistent swelling, discomfort and increased infection risk.
- Contracture: Injured muscles may shorten and harden over time, reducing mobility and limiting function in the affected area. Physical therapy is often needed to manage this complication.
- Nerve damage: Degloving injuries can sever or damage nerves, resulting in loss of sensation or function in the affected area. Nerve recovery is often slow and incomplete.
Recovering from a degloving injury often involves surgery, rehabilitation and close medical monitoring. Seeking legal guidance may be necessary to address the consequences of such a serious personal injury.